Comparing incidence of heart failure in individuals with enlarged cardiac chambers versus diabetes.
Authors:
Journal: American journal of preventive cardiology
Publication Type: Journal Article
Date: 2026
DOI: PMC13329587
ID: 42403463
Abstract
Opportunistic cardiac chamber volumetry derived from coronary artery calcium (CAC) scans using the AI-CVD platform predicts heart failure (HF) independent of conventional risk factors. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which classifies individuals as Stage A HF, is associated with chamber enlargement; however, the HF risk associated with chamber enlargement in the absence of T2DM has not been characterized.
Reference List
- Savarese G., Becher P.M., Lund L.H., Seferovic P., Rosano G.M.C., Coats A.J.S. Global burden of heart failure: a comprehensive and updated review of epidemiology. Cardiovasc Res. 2022;118(17):3272–3287.|||Wei C., Heidenreich P.A., Sandhu A.T. The economics of heart failure care. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2024;82:90–101.|||McDonagh T.A., Metra M., Adamo M., Gardner R.S., Baumbach A., Böhm M., Burri H., Butler J., Čelutkienė J., Chioncel O. 2023 focused update of the 2021 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: developed by the task force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur Heart J. 2023;44(37):3627–3639.|||Chowdhary A., Jex N., Thirunavukarasu S., MacCannell A., Haywood N., Almutairi A., Athithan L., Jain M., Craven T., Das A., et al. Prospective Longitudinal Characterization of the Relationship between Diabetes and Cardiac Structural and Functional Changes. Cardiol Res Pract. 2022;2022(1)|||Heidenreich P.A., Bozkurt B., Aguilar D., Allen L.A., Byun J.J., Colvin M.M., Deswal A., Drazner M.H., Dunlay S.M., Evers L.R., et al. 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American college of cardiology/American heart association joint committee on clinical practice guidelines. Circulation. 2022;145(18):e895–e1032.|||Sinha A., Gupta D.K., Yancy C.W., Shah S.J., Rasmussen-Torvik L.J., McNally E.M., Greenland P., Lloyd-Jones D.M., Khan S.S. Risk-based approach for the prediction and prevention of heart failure. Circ Heart Fail. 2021;14(2)|||Hippisley-Cox J., Coupland C. Diabetes treatments and risk of heart failure, cardiovascular disease, and all cause mortality: cohort study in primary care. BMJ. 2016;354:i3477.|||Markman T.M., Habibi M., Venkatesh B.A., Zareian M., Wu C., Heckbert S.R., Bluemke D.A., Lima J.A.C. Association of left atrial structure and function and incident cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes mellitus: results from multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA) Eur Heart J - Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;18(10):1138–1144.|||Miller R.J.H., Killekar A., Shanbhag A., Bednarski B., Michalowska A.M., Ruddy T.D., Einstein A.J., Newby D.E., Lemley M., Pieszko K., et al. Predicting mortality from AI cardiac volumes mass and coronary calcium on chest computed tomography. Nat Commun. 2024;15(1):2747.|||Berrington de González A., Mahesh M., Kim K.P., Bhargavan M., Lewis R., Mettler F., Land C. Projected cancer risks from computed tomographic scans performed in the United States in 2007. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169(22):2071–2077.|||Naghavi M., Atlas K., Zhang C., Mao S.S., Reeves A.P., Budoff M.J., Henschke C., Yankelevitz D. AI-enabled cardiac chambers volumetry in non-contrast coronary artery calcium CT scans vs. contrast-enhanced coronary CT angiography scans in the same patients. Eur Heart J. 2024;45(Supplement_1)|||Naghavi M., Reeves A.P., Atlas K., Zhang C., Budoff M.J., Henschke C., Yankelevitz D. AI-enabled automated cardiac chambers volumetry in non-contrast ECG-gated cardiac scans vs. non-contrast non-gated lung scans. Eur Heart J. 2024;45(Supplement_1)|||Naghavi M., Reeves A., Atlas K., Zhang C., Roy S., Budoff M., Henschke C., Yankelevitz D., Wong N., Levy D. Automated Left Ventricular Volumetry Using Artificial Intelligence In Coronary Calcium Scans (AI-CAC) Predicts Heart Failure Comparably To Cardiac MRI And Outperforms NT-proBNP: the Multi-ethnic Study Of Atherosclerosis (MESA) J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. 2024;18(4):S16–S17.|||Hijazi W., Shanbhag Aakash D., Miller Robert J.H., Kavanagh P., Killekar A., Lemley M., Wopperer S., Knight S., Le Viet T., Mason S., et al. Deep learning derived anatomy from PET/CT attenuation maps and association with heart failure, myocardial infarction and death: multicenter study. JACC. 2025;85(12_Supplement):1992.|||Naghavi M., Reeves Anthony P., Atlas Kyle C., Zhang C., Li D., Atlas T., Henschke Claudia I., Wong Nathan D., Roy Sion K., Budoff Matthew J., Yankelevitz David F. AI-enabled CT cardiac chamber volumetry predicts atrial fibrillation and stroke comparable to MRI. JACC: Adv. 2024;3(11)|||Naghavi M., Reeves A., Budoff M., Li D., Atlas K., Zhang C., Atlas T., Roy S.K., Henschke C.I., Wong N.D., et al. AI-enabled cardiac chambers volumetry in coronary artery calcium scans (AI-CAC(TM)) predicts heart failure and outperforms NT-proBNP: the multi-ethnic study of Atherosclerosis. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. 2024;18(4):392–400.|||Razipour A., Grodecki K., Manral N., Geers J., Gransar H., Shanbhag A., Miller R.J.H., Rozanski A., Berman D.S., Slomka P.J., Dey D. AI-derived automated quantification of cardiac chambers and myocardium from non-contrast CT: prediction of major adverse cardiovascular events in asymptomatic subjects. Atherosclerosis. 2025:401.|||Splansky G.L., Corey D., Yang Q., Atwood L.D., Cupples L.A., Benjamin E.J., D'Agostino R.B., Sr., Fox C.S., Larson M.G., Murabito J.M., et al. The third generation cohort of the national heart, lung, and blood institute's framingham heart study: design, recruitment, and initial examination. Am J Epidemiol. 2007;165(11):1328–1335.|||Feinleib M., Kannel W.B., Garrison R.J., McNamara P.M., Castelli W.P. The Framingham offspring study. design and preliminary data. Prev Med. 1975;4(4):518–525.|||Bild D.E., Bluemke D.A., Burke G.L., Detrano R., Diez Roux A.V., Folsom A.R., Greenland P., Jacobs D.R., Jr., Kronmal R., Liu K., et al. Multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis: objectives and design. Am J Epidemiol. 2002;156(9):871–881.|||McKee P.A., Castelli W.P., McNamara P.M., Kannel W.B. The natural history of congestive heart failure: the Framingham study. N Engl J Med. 1971;285(26):1441–1446.|||Khan S.S., Matsushita K., Sang Y., Ballew S.H., Grams M.E., Surapaneni A., Blaha M.J., Carson A.P., Chang A.R., Ciemins E., et al. Development and validation of the American heart association's prevent equations. Circulation. 2024;149(6):430–449.|||Ernande L., Audureau E., Jellis C.L., Bergerot C., Henegar C., Sawaki D., Czibik G., Volpi C., Canoui-Poitrine F., Thibault H., et al. Clinical implications of echocardiographic phenotypes of patients with diabetes mellitus. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;70(14):1704–1716.|||McDonagh T.A., Metra M., Adamo M., Gardner R.S., Baumbach A., Böhm M., Burri H., Butler J., Čelutkienė J., Chioncel O., et al. 2021 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: developed by the Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) With the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur Heart J. 2021;42(36):3599–3726.|||10. Cardiovascular disease and risk management: standards of care in diabetes-2026. Diabetes Care. 2026;49(Supplement_1):S216–s245.|||Khan S.S., Breathett K., Braun L.T., Chow S.L., Gupta D.K., Lekavich C., Lloyd-Jones D.M., Ndumele C.E., Rodriguez C.J., Allen L.A., et al. Risk-based primary prevention of heart failure: a scientific statement from the American heart association. Circulation. 2025;151(20):e1006–e1026.|||Sharma K., Al Rifai M., Ahmed H.M., Dardari Z., Silverman M.G., Yeboah J., Nasir K., Sklo M., Yancy C., Russell S.D., et al. Usefulness of coronary artery calcium to predict heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in men versus women (from the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis) Am J Cardiol. 2017;120(10):1847–1853.|||Bakhshi H., Ambale-Venkatesh B., Yang X., Ostovaneh M.R., Wu C.O., Budoff M., Bahrami H., Wong N.D., Bluemke D.A., Lima J.A.C. Progression of coronary artery calcium and incident heart failure: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. J Am Heart Assoc. 2017;6(4)|||Kälsch H., Lehmann N., Möhlenkamp S., Neumann T., Slomiany U., Schmermund A., Stang A., Moebus S., Bauer M., Mann K., et al. Association of coronary artery calcium and congestive heart failure in the general population: results of the Heinz Nixdorf Recall study. Clin Res Cardiol. 2010;99(3):175–182.|||de la Rosa A.L., Mehta A., Hansen S., McClelland R.L., Aldana-Bitar J., Kinninger A., Manubolu V.S., Bertoni A.G., Budoff M.J. Cardiac computed tomography imaging biomarkers for prediction of new-onset heart failure: multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. 2025;19(3):316–321.|||Leening M.J., Elias-Smale S.E., Kavousi M., Felix J.F., Deckers J.W., Vliegenthart R., Oudkerk M., Hofman A., Steyerberg E.W., Stricker B.H., Witteman J.C. Coronary calcification and the risk of heart failure in the elderly: the Rotterdam study. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2012;5(9):874–880.|||Huelsmann M. Medical University of Vienna; 2023. PONTIAC II: NT-proBNP selected prevention of cardiac events in diabetic patients.|||Huang G., Zhang L., Xie M., Fu M., Huang J., Lv Q. Assessment of left atrial function in diabetes mellitus by left atrial volume tracking method. J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci. 2010;30(6):819–823.|||Muranaka A., Yuda S., Tsuchihashi K., Hashimoto A., Nakata T., Miura T., Tsuzuki M., Wakabayashi C., Watanabe N., Shimamoto K. Quantitative assessment of left ventricular and left atrial functions by strain rate imaging in diabetic patients with and without hypertension. Echocardiography. 2009;26(3):262–271.|||Graça B., Ferreira M.J., Donato P., Gomes L., Castelo-Branco M., Caseiro-Alves F. Left atrial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus: insights from cardiac MRI. Eur Radiol. 2014;24(11):2669–2676.|||Gweon H.M., Kim S.J., Kim T.H., Lee S.M., Hong Y.J. Rim SJ: evaluation of left atrial volumes using multidetector computed tomography: comparison with echocardiography. Korean J Radiol. 2010;11(3):286–294.|||To A.C., Flamm S.D., Marwick T.H., Klein A.L. Clinical utility of multimodality LA imaging: assessment of size, function, and structure. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2011;4(7):788–798.|||Hof I.E., Velthuis B.K., Van Driel V.J., Wittkampf F.H., Hauer R.N., Loh P. Left atrial volume and function assessment by magnetic resonance imaging. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2010;21(11):1247–1250.